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| Mistake | Consequence | Solution | |---------|-------------|----------| | Missing load combinations | Undersized members | Include ASCE 7 or Eurocode combinations explicitly | | Wrong effective length (K) factor | Buckling capacity error | Show rational for K (pinned/pinned, fixed/fixed) | | Neglecting slenderness for tension members | Excessive vibration under wind | Add λ ≤ 300 check | | Using LRFD loads with ASD resistance | Unsafe design | Clearly label method at top of each page | | No units on calculations | Misinterpretation | Always show units (kips, kN, ksi, MPa) | steel structure design calculation pdf