In contrast, "Grade" movies (often referred to as B-grade or C-grade) have historically served a different demographic. In the late 90s and early 2000s, this sector was a massive parallel industry. Today, however, the lines are blurring. With the rise of YouTube and affordable digital cameras, "independent" filmmaking now includes a DIY "Grade" culture. While some of these films are criticized for lack of technical polish or exploitative themes, they represent a raw form of expression that exists outside the "gatekeeping" of major production houses. They are the "pulp fiction" of the digital age, often garnering millions of views from a niche, dedicated audience. The Role of Movie Reviews and New Media